For my freely available Matlab EOF package click HERE
(For a VERY brief EOF-example with MATLAB click here).
This is a compilation of references of articles on EOFs (Empirical Orthogonal Functions) and related techniques. Many people kindly sent me references known to them and I gratefully acknowledge their help.
Purpose of this compilationThis compilation was set up to give an overview of the application of EOF techniques to the area of Coastal Engineering. There are also general references on the technique and descriptions of applications in a few other fields, which are related to Coastal Engineering (such Oceanography, Weather and Meteorology).
Why I compiled these referencesThis list was compiled as part of my PhD project. This project is titled "The Reduction of Complex Computational Models". The purpose is to speed up Complex models such that they may more easily be applied in Decision Support Systems. This is done by identifying the most important modes in a model and only compute the time-evolution of these modes. This effectively is a dimension reduction technique. Since I am using the EOF technique so much I wanted to have a good overview of the application of the method in my own field, the field of Coastal Engineering.
List of abbreviations of various techniques.
CCA = Canonical Correlation Analysis CCP = Canonical Correlation Patterns CEOF = Complex EOFs EOF = Empirical Orthogonal Functions EEOF = Extended EOFs KLT = Karhunen Loeve Transform MSSA = Multi-Channel Singular Spectrum Analysis PCA = Principal Component Analysis PIP = Principal Interaction Patterns POP = Principal Oscillation Patterns REOF = Rotated EOFs SSA = Singular Spectrum Analysis TCP = TeleConnection Patterns
Boyd, J.D.; Kennelly, E.P.; Pistek, P.
Estimation of EOF expansion coefficients from incomplete data.
Nav. Res. Lab., Stennis Space Cent., MS 39529, USA DEEP-SEA RES. (I OCEANOGR. RES. PAP.); vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 1479-1488; 1994 ISSN: 0967-0637
Broomhead, D.S., and G.P. King, 1986.
Extracting qualitative dynamics from experimental data.
Physica 20D: 217-236.
Clark, D., 1975.
Understanding canonical correlation analysis. Concepts and Techniques in Modern Geography (CATMOG), No. 3, Geo Abstracts Ltd., University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK, 36 pp.
Davis, J.C., 1986.
Statistics and data analysis in geology.
Second edition. John Wileys & Sons, New York, 646 pp.
Graham, N.E., 1990,
Canonical correlation analysis. Report.
WMO Review of Climate diagnostic methods.
Hasselman, K., 1988.
PIPs and POPs: the reduction of complex dynamical systems using principal interaction and oscillation patterns.
J. of Geophys. Res., 93: 11015-11021.
Hastings, H.M., and G. Sugihara, 1993.
Fractals. A user's guide for the natural sciences.
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Horel, J.D., 1984.
Complex Principle Component Analysis: Theory and Examples
J. Climate and Applied Meteorology, Vol 23, 1660-1673
Merrifield, M. A., and R. T. Guza,
Detecting propagating signals with complex empirical orthogonal functions: A cautionary note,
J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20(10), 1628-1633, 1990.
Penland, C., 1989.
Random forcing and forecasting using principal oscillation pattern analysis.
Monthly Weather Review, 117: 2165-2185.
Richman, 1986
Rotation of Pricipal Components (Review Article)
J. of Climatology, Vol. 6, 293-335 (1986)
Stauffer D.F. and E.O. Garton and R.K. Steinhorst, 1985,
A comparison of principal components from real and random data,
in Ecology, v 66(6), pp 1693-1698
Storch, H. von, A. Navarra, 1993
Analysis of Climate Variability, Applications of Statistical Techniques
proceedings of an Autumn School, on Elba from October 30 to November 6, 1993 Publisher: Berlin : Springer, 1995, ISBN: 3-540-58918-X, 334 pp
Turcotte, D.L., 1992.
Fractals and chaos in geology and geophysics.
Cambrdige University press, Cambridge.
Vautard, R., P. Yiou,and M. Ghil, 1992.
Singular-spectrum analysis: a toolkit for short, noisy chaotic signals.
Physica D, 58: 95-126.
Aranuvachapun S. and J.A. Johnson, 1978,
Beach profiles at Gorleston and Great Yarmouth,
Coastal Engineering, v 2, pp 201-213
Aubrey D.G., 1979,
Seasonal patterns of onshore/offshore movement,
Journal of Geophysical Research, vol 84 C10, pp 6347-6354
Bosma, K.F., and R.A. Dalrymple, 1996
Beach Profile Analysis around Indian River Inlet, Delaware, USA
Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, Orlando FL, 2829-2842, 1996
Bosma, K.F., and R.A. Dalrymple,
Beach Profile Analysis Along the Delaware Atlantic Coastline,
Master's Thesis, Universtiy of Delaware, Newark, DE.
Dick, J.E. and R.A. Dalrymple,
Short and Long Term Beach Changes at Bethany Beach, Delaware,
Proc. 19 th Intl. Conference on Coastal
Engineering, ASCE, Houston, 1650-1667, 1984.
Hashimoto, H, and Uda, T., 1979
Analysis of profile changes at Ajigaura by empirical eigenfunctions
Coastal Engrg in Japan, Vol. 22, pp.47-57.
Holland, K.T., B. Raubenheimer, R.T. Guza, and R.A. Holman,
Runup kinematics on a natural beach,
J. Geophys. Res., 100(C3), 4985-4993, 1995.
Hooimeijer, M.A., A.W. Heemink, J, van de Graaff, P. van der Veer
Reduction of Complex Models
Advances in Hydro-Science and Engineering, Vol III
Ed. K.P. Holz, W. Bechtler, S.S.Y. Wang, M. Kawahara
Proc. 3rd. Intern. Conf. on Hydro-Science and -Engineering (ICHE 1998),
Cottbus/Berlin Germany 1998
ISBN: 0-937099-08-2
Hsu T-W., Ou S-H. and Wang S.K., 1994,
On the prediction of beach changes by a new 2D empirical eigenfunction model.
Coastal Engineering, v 23, 255-270
Janssen, H., 1997.
POP analysis of the JARKUS data set: the IJmuiden-Katwijk section.
Report 97-51, Delft University of Technolgy, Faculty of Systems and Information Science, Delft, The Netherlands, 47 pp.
Janssen M.C., 1993,
Beach profile development under random waves,
unpublished M.Sc. thesis, Imperial University of Science and Technology, London
Katoh, K., 1981,
Analysis of edge waves by means of empirical eigenfunction,
Report of the Port and Harbour Res. Inst., Ministry of Transport, Japan, Vol.
20, No. 3, pp. 3-51.
Koutitonsky, V. G., R. E. Wilson and M. I. El-Sabh. 1990.
On the seasonal response of the lower St. Lawrence Estuary to buoyancy forcing by
regulated river runoff.
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Sciences, 31 : 359 - 379. 1990
Larson M., H. Hanson, N.C. Kraus, and M.B. Gravens, 1997,
Beach topography response to nourishment at Ocean City, Maryland,
Proceedings of Coastal Dynamics '97, pp 844-853
Li Thurston Reeve,
Analysis of the long term variations in offshore sandbanks,
to be presented at Coastal Management 99, Southampton, UK, Sept 1999.
Li & Reeve,
Analysis of long-term changes in nearshore morphology,
to be presented at IAHR Symposium on River, Coastal & Estuarine Morphodynamics, Genoa, Sept 1999.
Li & Reeve are also in the process of writing journal papers describing the development and application of methods used to analyse 3-d data (seabed level as a function of 2 space coordinates and time)
Liang, G., and R.J. Seymour.
Complex Principal Component Analysis of Wave-Like Sand Motions.
Coastal Sediments '91, Symposium on Quantitative Approaches to Coastal Sediment Processes, Seattle Washington, June 25-27, 1991. Vol. 2, pp. 2175-2186, American Society of Civil Engineers, 1991. (1991)
Liang, G., T.E. White, and R.J. Seymour.
Complex principal component analysis of seasonal variation in nearshore bathymetry,
In: Proceedings ICCE'92, 23rd International Conference on Coastal Engineering, Ch. 172, 2: 2242-2250. (1992)
Medina, R., M.A. Losada, and R.A. Dalrymple, 1990,
Analisis de Perfiles de Playa por Medio de Funciones Ortogonales Empiricas, Metodo FOE,
Revista de Obras Publicas, Spain, June, 1990.
Medina R., M.A. Losada, R.A. Dalrymple and A.J. Roldan, 1991,
Cross shore sediment transport determined by EOF method,
Proceedings of Coastal Sediments '91, ASCE, pp 187-210
Medina R., M.A. Losada, R.A. Dalrymple and A.J. Roldan, 1991,
Three-Mode Principal Component Analysis of Bathymetric data, Applied to 'Playa de Castilla' (Huelva, Spain).
Proc. 23rd Intl. Coastal Eng. Conf., ASCE, 2265-2278.
Mšller, I., and H.N. Southgate,
Fractal properties of beach profile evolution at Duck, North Carolina.
Submitted to J. of Geoph. Res.
Reeve & Li,
Eigenfunction analysis of long term variations in the morphology of a sandbank system
Submitted to ASCE J Waterway, Port, Ocean & Coast. Eng.,
Southgate, H.N. and Beltran L.M., 1996.
Time series analysis of long-term beach level data from Lincolnshire, UK.
Coastal Dynamics '95.
Vincent, C.L. and Resio, D.T, 1977
An eigenfunction
parameterization of a time sequence of wave spectra,
Coastal Engrg., Vol. 1, pp.185-205.
Wijnberg, K.M., and Terwindt, J.H.J., 1995.
Extracting decadal morphological behaviour from high-resolution, long-term bathymetric surveys along the Holland coast using eigenfunction analysis.
Marine Geology, 126: 301-330.
Winant, C.D., D.L. Inman, and C.E. Nordstorm, 1975.
Description of seasonal beach changes using empirical eigenfunctions.
J. of Geophys. Res., 80: 1979-1986.
Winant, C.D., and Aubrey D.G., 1976
Stability and impulse response of empirical eigenfunctions,
Proc. 15th conf. on coastal engrg., pp.1312-1325.
WROBLEWSKI, ANATO ASI
Empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) method in determining and forecasting storm floods in the coastal zones of the sea [case study on Baltic coast ports and the Vistula estuary, Poland]
[In: ROSSI, G; HARMANCIOGLU, N & YEVJEVICH, V [Eds]: Coping with floods]. Issue 257; Pages 503-512; Year 1994; Ser E Appl Sci [Dordrecht];
Uda T. and H. Hashimoto, 1980,
Application of an empirical prediction model of beach profile change to the Ogawara coast,
Coastal Engineering in Japan, v 23, pp 191-204
Aubrey D.G. and Emery K.O., 1993,
Recent global sea levels and land levels,
in: Climate and Sea Level Change, observations, projections and implications, edited by Warrick R.A., Barrow E.M.and Wigley T.M.L., pp 45-56
BRUNO, M.; FRAGUELA, B.; ALONSO, J.; MANANES, R.; RUIZCANAVATE, A.; RICO, J.
The use of EOF in the mean sea level oscillations study: an application to Cadiz.
International Hydrographic Bulletin, October 1996, p.662.
BRUNO, M.; FRAGUELA, B.; ALONSO, J.; MANANES, R.; RUIZ-CANAVATE, A.; RICO, J.
The use of `EOF' in the mean sea level oscillations study.
International Hydrographic Review, 73 [2] , 99-107.; 1996
CIESLIKIEWICZ, W.; GRAFF, J., 1996
Sea state parameterisation using empirical orthogonal functions.
pp.703-716 in, Coastal Engineering 1996 Vol. 1: proceedings of the twenty-fifth international conference, September 2-6, 1996, Peabody Hotel, Orlando, Florida, [ed. B.L.Edge] New York: American Society of Civil Engineers. 1254pp.
CIESLIKIEWICZ, W.; GRAFF, J., 1997
Parametric modelling of storm wave fields over the Irish Sea, 1955-1993,
Proc. Third International Symposium on Ocean Wave Measurement and Analysis, WAVES'97, Virginia Beach, Virginia,
Vol. 2: 896-910 .
CIESLIKIEWICZ, W.; GRAFF, J., 1999
Application of system identification techniques in wind wave modelling,
Wind-Over-Wave Couplings:Perspectives and Prospects, IMA, Ed. S.G. Sajjadi, N.H. Thomas, J.C.R. Hunt,
Clarendon Press, Oxford, 195-201.
Kaihatu, J.M., R.A. Handler, G.O. Marmorino and L.K. Shay,
Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis of OCean Surface Currents Using Complex and Real-Vector Analysis,
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Vo. 15, no. 4, 927-941, 1998.
KORRES, G; PINARDI, N
EOF analysis of the Mediterranean general circulation
Ann Geophys Part 2 Oceans Atmos Hydrol NonlinearGeophys [Heidelberg]; Issue 11/suppl; Page C149; Year 1993
PEDDER, M.; GOMIS, D.
Applications of EOF analysis to the spatial estimation of circulation features in the ocean sampled by high-resolution CTD soundings.
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Volume 15 No 4. August 1998, p. 959-978
PEDDER, MA; GOMIS, D
Application of EOF analysis to the estimation of geostrophic circulation features in the ocean
[abstract: OA2: Open session on coastal/shelf sea dynamics. EGS 22nd General Assembly, Vienna, 1997]. Ann Geophys Part 2 Hydrol Oceans Atmos NonlinearGeophys [Katlenburg-Lindau]; Issue 15supp-2; Page C381; Year 1997
Preisendorfer, Rudolph W.(Postumously Edited by Curtis Mobley), 1988
Principal Component Analysis in Meterology and Oceanography (Developments in Atmospheric Science, 17)
(Developments in Atmospheric Science, 17) Elsevier: 1988
Smith, T.M.; Reynolds, R.W.; Livezey, R.E.; Stokes, D.C.
Reconstruction of historical sea surface temperatures using empirical orthogonal functions.
Journal of climate. Boston MA; vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1403-1420; 1996 ISSN: 0894-8755
STEPHEN, A.V.; READ, P.L.; MOROZ, I.M.; FRUH, W-G.
A comparison of empirical orthogonal decomposition methods in baroclinic flows.
Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, Volume 27 No 1-4. Special issue: In honour of Professor Pfeffer.. 743pp. January 1998, p. 649-660
Sultan, S.A.R.; Elghribi, N.M.
EOF analysis of the velocity fields in the Arabian Gulf.
Sci., Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Oceanologica acta. Paris; vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 47-57; 1998
WROBLEWSKI, A.
The application of EOF in determining basin mean sea level using computations for the Baltic as an example.
pp.23-28 in, Sea level changes: determination and effects, [ed.P.L.Woodworth, D.T.Pugh, J.G.De Ronde, R.G.Warrick & J.Hannah] . Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union. 196pp.; 1992
Barnett, T.P., 1983.
Interaction of the Monsoon and pacific trade wind
system at interannual time scale. Part I. The Equatorial Zone.
In: Monthly Weather Review, 111, 756-773.
Barnett, T.P., and R. Preisendorfer, 1987.
Origins and levels of monthly and seasonal forecats skill for United States surface air temparatures determined by canonical correlation analysis.
Monthly Weather Review, 115: 1825-1850.
Fraedrich, K., 1986.
Estimating the dimensions of weather and climate attractors.
J. of the Atmospheric Sciences, 43(5): 419-432.
Huang, Liwen; Hu, Jifu; Chang, Megui
Comparisions of EOF and CCA methods in typhoon track forecast test.
Journal of tropical meteorology/Redai Qixiang. Beijing; vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 112-124; 1997 ISSN: 1004-4965
Lorenz E., 1956,
Empirical orthogonal functions and statistical weather prediction.
Scientific report no 1., Air Force Cambridge Research Center, Air Research and Development Command, Cambridge, Mass.
Storch, H. Von, T. Bruns, I. Fischer-Bruns, and K. Hasselman, 1988.
Principal oscillation pattern analysis of the 30- to 60-day oscillation in general circulation model equatorial troposphere.
J. of Geophys. Res., 93: 11022-11036.
Dalrymple, R.A., and M. Greenberg,
Directional Wave Makers
in Physical Modelling in Coastal Engineering , A.A. Balkema, 67--79, 1984.
Dalrymple, R.A.,
Directional Wavemaker Theory with Sidewall Reflection
Journal of Hydraulic Research , 27, 1, 23-34, 1989.
Dalrymple, R.A.,
Water Waves Past Abrupt Channel Transitions
Applied Ocean Research , 11, 4, 170--175, 1989.
Dalrymple, R.A. and P.A. Martin,
Wave Diffraction Through Offshore Breakwaters
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering , 116, 6, 727--741, ASCE, 1990.
Dalrymple, R.A. and J.T. Kirby,
Angular Spectrum Modelling of Water Waves
Reviews in Aquatic Sciences , CRC Press, 6, 5 and 6, 383-404, 1992.
Losada, I.J., R.A. Dalrymple, and M. A. Losada,
Water Waves on Crown Breakwaters
Journal of Waterways, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, 119, 4, 367-380, 1993.
Dalrymple, R.A. and P.A. Martin,
Water Waves Incident on an Infinitely Long Rectangular Inlet
Applied Ocean Research, 18, 1-11, 1996.
Dalrymple, R.A.,
Water Wave Propagation in Jettied Channels
Proc. 23 rd Intl. Conference on Coastal Engineering, , ASCE, 3040-3053, 1992.